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Every AM process, in any material, have these two common attributes: the material is created at the same time as the geometry, and parts are built sequentially in 2D layers.
Metal AM is not the panacea for manufacturing challenges. Instead, AM can provide solutions to new, specific and unique barriers, like where parts need to be made cheaper, faster, and better, and in part, help solve some of humanity’s biggest existential problems.
In short, AM can be the enabler in thinking, designing and approaching manufacturing in a different way.
There are a number of Metal AM technologies available on the market, but at the heart of each lies a sophisticated technology that employs a heat source, typically a laser or electron beam, to melt fine particles of metal powder or wire.
There is some research available online regarding the size and growth of the Metal AM industry, but understanding the provenance of these is challenging.
Munsch, Dr.M. et al. (2024) ‘AMPOWER Report 2024 Management Summary’. Hamburg: AMPOWER GmbH & Co. KG.
Additure sees opportunity as the Metal AM industry emerges from the ‘trough of disillusionment’, where the excitement has dropped on the ‘Hype Curve’ and the long road to acceptance, adoption, and maturity begins.
Laser Powder Bed Fusion is a metal AM technique that uses a high-power laser to melt metal powders into a three-dimensional object. It is a highly controlled and precise method of manufacturing, allowing for the production of intricate parts with high levels of detail.
Because LPBF is particularly well-suited for producing parts that are difficult or impossible to manufacture using traditional methods, it’s a good choice if you’re looking to enhance the performance of your components. Plus, it’s already trusted by our partners in the aerospace, automotiv, and tooling industries for its ability to create functional and economically viable parts.
WAAM utilises an electric arc as a heat source to melt metal wire onto a substrate, gradually building up a three-dimensional object. This process enables high deposition rates, reduced material waste, and the ability to produce large-scale components.
WAAM presents an opportunity to reduce lead times and inventory with like-for-like parts. The process attributes means it can replace castings producing near-net shape components for final machining efficiently.
Founder of 3D Systems Chuck Hull invents stereolithography (SLA), a rapid prototyping technology. Photo credit: 3D Systems.
The first SLA machine is released. Photo credit: Michael Petch.
Three new additive manufacturing techniques are invented: FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling), SGC (Solid Ground Curing), and LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing).
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) enters the market.
Direct Metal Laser Sintering is invented.
Sandia National Laboratories invents Direct Energy Deposition (DED) under the name of LENS.
OPTOMEC introduces the world’s first Powder Laser Deposition system.
The development of high-energy fibre lasers capable of melting metal alloys allow FOCKELE & SCHWARZE to develop the first Selective Laser Melting machines (SLM).
Adam Bowyer founded RepRap, a project to develop attainable 3D printers that replicate their own components. Photo via RepRap.
SLM Solutions is founded.
Markforged introduced 3D printers capable of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and Continuous Fibre Reinforcement (CFR), improving the speed and quality of parts produced.
GEFERTEC introduces their technology to the market.
Federal Aviation Authority qualifies the first LPBF part for use in flight.
Birth of Additure
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